Leo Tolstoy
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STORY BY Leo Tolstoy
Anna Karenina
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Anna Karenina von Leo Tolstoy - Anna Karenina (russisch Анна Каренина, Aussprache: [ˈaˑnːə kɐˈrʲeˑnʲɪnə]) ist ein Roman von Lew Tolstoi, der in den Jahren 1873 bis 1878 in der Epoche des russischen Realismus entstand und als eines von Tolstois bedeutendsten Werken gilt. Das Buch wurde 1877/78 veröffentlicht und erzählt von Ehe und Moral in der adligen russischen Gesellschaft des 19. Jahrhunderts.Das achtteilige Romanepos verwebt die Geschichten dreier adliger Familien: des Fürsten Stepan Oblonski und seiner Frau Darja Oblonskaja, genannt Dolly, ihrer jüngeren Schwester Jekatarina Schtscherbazkaja, genannt Kitty, und des Gutsbesitzers Ljewin, sowie vor allem Anna Kareninas, der Schwester des Fürsten, die mit dem Staatsbeamten Alexej Karenin verheiratet ist. Annas Liebesaffäre mit dem Grafen Alexej Wronskij führt schließlich zum Bruch der Ehe und ihrem Suizid.Die scheiternde Beziehung der Karenins auf der einen und die Entwicklung der Ehe Kittys mit Ljewin auf der anderen Seite bilden die Handlungsschwerpunkte. Die Oblonski-Geschichte ergänzt und kontrastiert die beiden Haupthandlungen. Über die Frage, ob es sich bei Anna Karenina um einen typisch Tolstoischen Doppelroman oder um ein dreisträngiges Werk handelt, gibt es in der Literaturwissenschaft unterschiedliche Ansichten.
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War and Peace
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First published in 1865, "War and Peace" is a novel by Leo Tolstoy which tells the story of Russian society during the Napoleonic Era. It is usually described as one of Tolstoy"s two major masterpieces (the other being "Anna Karenina") as well as one of the world"s greatest novels."War and Peace" offered a new kind of fiction, with a great many characters caught up in a plot that covered nothing less than the grand subjects indicated by the title, combined with the equally large topics of youth, marriage, age, and death. Though it is often called a novel today, it broke so many conventions of the form that it was not considered a novel in its time. Indeed, Tolstoy himself considered "Anna Karenina" (written in 1878) to be his first attempt at a novel in the European sense."War and Peace" broadly focuses on Napoleon’s invasion of Russia in 1812 and follows three of the most well-known characters in literature: Pierre Bezukhov, the illegitimate son of a count who is fighting for his inheritance and yearning for spiritual fulfillment; Prince Andrei Bolkonsky, who leaves his family behind to fight in the war against Napoleon; and Natasha Rostov, the beautiful young daughter of a nobleman who intrigues both men.As Napoleon’s army invades, Tolstoy brilliantly follows characters from diverse backgrounds—peasants and nobility, civilians and soldiers—as they struggle with the problems unique to their era, their history, and their culture. And as the novel progresses, these characters transcend their specificity, becoming some of the most moving—and human—figures in world literature."War and Peace" has been nominated as one of America’s best-loved novels by PBS’s The Great American Read.
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Sevastopol Sketches
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In Sevastopol (or Sebastopol) Sketches Tolstoy examines the senselessness and vanity of war, the many aspects of the psychology of war, heroism, and the misleading presence of humanism in truces. The name originates from Sevastopol, a city in Crimea. Many of the episodes in Tolstoy's War and Peace are linked to the events described in these sketches.
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The Forged Coupon, and Other Stories
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Schoolboy Mitya is in desperate need of money to repay a debt, but his father angrily denies him assistance. Dejected, under the instigation of a friend Makhin, Mitya simply changes a 2.50 note to read 12.50, but this one evil deed sets off a chain of events that affects the lives of dozens of others, when his one falsehood indirectly causes a man to murder a woman.
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Hadji Murad
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The story follows a separatist guerrilla Murat who falls out with his own commander and eventually sides with the Imperial Russian forces in hope of saving his family. Tolstoy collected material for this novel from events he witnessed while serving in the Caucasus, according to letters he wrote to his brother Sergei.
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The Cossacks
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Dmitri Olenin, a privileged disenchanted nobleman joins the army as a cadet, in the hopes of escaping the superficiality of his daily life. In his quest to find completeness, he naively hopes to find serenity among the simple people of the Caucasus. The novel is partially based on Tolstoy's own experiences in the Caucasus during the Caucasian War.
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The Kreutzer Sonata
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The Kreutzer Sonata, one of the most controversial novels written by Leo Tolstoy. It was named after Beethoven's Kreutzer Sonata and attracted immediate attention of censors on both sides of the Atlantic when it first appeared. The narrative follows the main character, Pozdnyshev who relates the events leading up to his killing his wife.
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War and Peace
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War and Peace is a novel by the Russian author Leo Tolstoy, published serially, then in its entirety in 1869. It is regarded as a central work of world literature and one of Tolstoy"s finest literary achievements. The novel chronicles the French invasion of Russia and the impact of the Napoleonic era on Tsarist society through the stories of five Russian aristocratic families. Portions of an earlier version, titled The Year 1805, were serialized in The Russian Messenger from 1865 to 1867, then published in its entirety in 1869. Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy (1828 – 1910), usually referred to in English as Leo Tolstoy, was a Russian writer who is regarded as one of the greatest authors of all time. He received multiple nominations for Nobel Prize in Literature every year from 1902 to 1906, and nominations for Nobel Peace Prize in 1901, 1902 and 1910, and his miss of the prize is a major Nobel prize controversy. Translators: Louise and Aylmer Maude
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